Dog Exercise and Enrichment Guide

Physical exercise

Dogs need regular activity, but the right amount depends on breed, age, fitness, health and personality. PDSA notes that some dogs may need one to two hours a day while working breeds can require substantially more. Walking is useful not only for fitness but also for sniffing and exploring. Increase activity gradually and adapt it during hot, cold or otherwise difficult conditions.

Mental enrichment

Enrichment gives a dog appropriate ways to investigate, solve problems, play and use natural behaviours. Food puzzles, scent games, training, safe toys and varied walking environments can all provide mental stimulation. Enrichment should be matched to the individual dog and supervised when toys or food devices could be damaged or swallowed.

Balance activity with rest

More exercise is not automatically better. Puppies need particular care because their bones and joints are still developing, and high-impact activity can cause harm. Older or unwell dogs may need shorter sessions and more rest. Watch the individual dog rather than chasing a fixed target, and ask a vet for guidance where weight, pain, mobility or fitness is a concern.

Questions to consider

Before acting on general advice, consider the individual dog's age, health, temperament, previous experience and daily routine. Check product instructions and current UK guidance where rules apply, and keep records of relevant veterinary or care decisions. If a problem is persistent, sudden or outside normal day-to-day care, use an appropriately qualified professional rather than relying on a generic guide.